CATARACT
Disease information
CATARACT
Cataracts.
Opacification (clouding) of the eyepiece.
The lens is
a
flexible, transparent globe near the front of the eye that helps focus the vision and filters and refracts light rays.
Cataracts can be formed in one or both eyes. If you are trained in both eyes, his progression in
each
of them can be very different.
Cataracts are not cancerous.
It affects both sexes, either at birth, in the case of
congenital
, or from 60 years in the case of senile.
Forecast.
It is generally cured with surgery.
Some cataracts do not affect vision enough to the need for surgery. While "mature" cataracts (harder against the lens becomes, the easier it is to extract) you'll have to
change
their
glasses
frequently to improve vision and prevent the strong illuminations through sunglasses.
Complications.
Loss of vision.
Postoperative complications, including perforation of the eye.
Adhesions and
retinal
detachment.
Prevention.
Women of reproductive age should be vaccinated against
rubella
if they have not had or have been immunized earlier.
The use of cortisone drugs or any other likely to affect the crystal must be carefully monitored by
a
doctor
.
Eye
disorders
that might cause cataracts, such as
iritis
or
uveitis
, should be dealt with swiftly. The study of perinatal
congenital
metabolic
deficits (programs for early detection of metabulopatías) can help prevent complications, such as galactosaemia.
Diagnosis and Treatment.
Diagnosis.
History and physical examination by
a
doctor
.
To specify the degree of opacification and the size of the lens (for sobstitución by
a
lens) the ophthalmologist will perform tests with special instruments, which are not painful.
Treatment.
The treatment is surgical.
Depending on the opportunities and requirements of
each
particular case, can be removed and replace its
deficit
through
glasses
, or extract and put in place in an artificial lens ("IOL"; intraocular lens)
Following the operation carried the eye capped
a
few days.
General measures.
After surgery, it may be necessary to bring
a
pair of
eyeglasses
or
contact
lenses special.
Medication.
Your eye can prescribe some painkillers for the discomfort after the operation.
Activity
.
Without restrictions,
but
do not drive at night if you do not look good.
Diet.
It is not necessary, except in the case of suffering from galactosaemia, because then it must avoid foods with the sugar.
Risk Factors.
Age.
Exposure to any one of the reasons explained in the preceding paragraphs.
Signs and symptoms.
Blurred vision that worsens with bright light.
Begin to notice the veiled eyes when driving at night when the lights appear to disperse or halos.
Double vision (sometimes)
Only in advanced stages, girls in the eyes opaque, milk.
Causes.
Aging.
Diabetes mellitus
.
Eye injuries.
Inflammations such as
uveitis
.
Some medications such as cortisone.
Exposure to X - ray or microwave
radiation
infrarojas like welding without protection)
Genetic
reasons, including the effect of
rubella
on the fetus of
a
mother
who contracted the
disease
early in
pregnancy
or galactosaemia,
congenital
defect in the metabolism of sugars.
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