GENTIAN

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GENTIAN
Castilian: gentian, gengiba, unciana, xaranzana, machine poor, yellow gentian, gentian more.

English: yellow gentian.

This plant is protected in many countries and, therefore, has to exprofeso grown to meet the pharmaceutical needs.

A glass of wine gentian, taken before meals, is an excellent appetizer, as its bitter flavor stimulates gastric secretions.

Herbaceous plant habit, upright stem from more than a meter tall, cylindrical, thick (2 cm. Diameter) smooth, pale green, which is dry in winter and re - sprout in the spring. The root, yellowish, is long and highly branched, very bitter, takes between 4 and 8 years rise in new flower stalks. The leaves, dark green, are very large (those of the base, the largest, reaching 30 cm long and 15 wide) oval, ending in tip, with very obvious parallel nerviaciones; grow in pairs with a compared to the other, hugging the stem, with a short petiole and the width of the base and without it the superior. The flowers, yellow intense, are at the top of the stem, gathered in groups of 3 to 10 flowers protected by a pair of leaves; on each stem meets several groups, forming a spike of bunches of flowers, visible from afar by his striking appearance, standing out among its neighboring plants, much lower. The fruit is a capsule that matures when it opens in two valves in freedom and leaves many winged seeds inside. It is also known as gengiba cauchalgua.

LOCATION: Live across the limestone mountain above 800 m although in northern Europe found near the sea. His area of expansion includes the entire northern hemisphere. In the Himalayas are at 5000m altitude gentian (Gentiana amoena) There gentian or living in the South, in the mountains in the Andes or in Tasmania.

ACTIVE: The bitter taste of the root, and the plant in general, is due to the presence of glycosides, such as genciopicrina, is in greater proportion. Following is the organ used in the production of medicinal preparations, and also contains oils, vitamin C and pigments.

Medicinal properties: The following properties febrífugo is very strong and is an excellent stimulant of the digestive functions. For its power to open the appetite, is indicated for anemia inappetence or restored from exhaustion after a serious illness.

COLLECTION: The root (which is not necessary to boot) should be cut in the fall, when it starts to dry out and all the active ingredients have been concentrated in the root or in the spring, but before it begins to sprout. Once peeled, washed and cut left to dry in the sun and stored in airtight containers away from light and moisture.

USES AND APPLICATIONS: It is recommended maceration of cold water (5 grams per liter of water 5 hours) It takes a cup before meals (to stimulate the appetite) or as a tonic after stomach as febrífugo takes two or three cups a day.

WARNING: may show vomiting, irritation in people with a history of gastric hypersecretion.

Bibliography.

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Bézanger - Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Medicinal plants of temperate Regions. Paris: Maloine, 1980, pp. 272 - 3.

British Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Vol. I. Bournemouth, Dorset: British Herbal Medical Association, 1990, p. 51.

European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP) Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Fascicle IV: Gentianae radix. July 1997.

James, A; Duke, Ph. D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, pp. 207 - 8, 519.

Fernandez, M; Nieto, A. Medicinal Plants. Pamplona: Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, 1982, p. 87.

Lastra, JJ; Bachiller, LI. Medicinal Plants in Asturias, Cantabria and the cornice. Gijón: Ediciones Trea, 1997, pp. 147 - 9.

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Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M. I. Official College of Pharmacists, 1995, pp. 285 - 6.

Real Spanish Pharmacopoeia. Madrid: Ministry of Health and Consumption, 1997, pp. 1019 - 20.

Rivera, D; Obon, C. The Guide INCAFE of useful and Poisonous Plants of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearics. Madrid: INCAFE, 1991, pp. 117; 781.

Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. A Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, pp. 133; 147; 153.

Trease, GE, Evans, WCh. Pharmacognosy. Mexico City: Inter - MacGraw - Hill, 1991, pp. 566 - 8.

Van Hellemont, J. Compendium of Phytothérapie. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 176 - 7.

Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Calvo, C. Gomez, D; Montserrat, G. Medicinal Plants of the Aragonese Pyrenees and other tierrras Huesca. 2. Huesca: Provincial, 1992, pp. 112 - 3.

WICHTL, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. A Handbook for Practice on a scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 233 - 4.
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