Chronic headaches
Disease information
Chronic headaches
Jaqueca.
Intense
headache
, generally in
a
side, that usually is accompanied by nauseas, weakness and
problems
of vision.
Each
episode can last from 2 to 48 hours.
It is commonest in women.
The
headaches
can have many causes, here we will be centered in the idiopáticos or without
specific
underlying cause.
Of between these (migraines in cluster, jaquecas and migrañas) by its frequency we will fit ourselves to these last ones.
Causes.
The exact cause is not known.
It seems to be related to the mechanisms of
cerebral
neurtransmisión and the changes in the sanguineous flows.
There are leading mechanisms like:
Stress
.
Oral contraceptives.
Menstruation
.
Alcohol
and certain foods (cheeses, chocolate, etc.
Fatigue.
Hipoglucemia.
Signs and symptoms.
Person varies of person to,
but
"dawn" exists that always precedes to the
attack
, in which the Vista, the sense of smell or hearing are affected, being the same one in
each
patient.
The pain settles down progressively and is intense in
a
side of the head.
It can cause nauseas and vomit.
Factors of risk.
Stress
.
Familiar history of migrañas.
Tabaquismo.
Alcohol
in excess.
Medicine use without control.
Oral contraceptives.
Prevention.
To reduce
stress
.
Some medications reduce the symptoms and they even prevent the
attacks
.
Diagnosis and treatment.
Diagnosis.
The diagnosis is clinical, after making analysis of
cerebral
blood and
T
.
A
.
C
.
E
.
E
. G. among others, to discard underlying causes.
Treatment.
To apply to
a
rag or ice at the top.
To rest in the dark in
a
room during several hours.
To avoid
scents
, lights and noises.
Ergotamina, aspirin, paracetamol and ibuprofeno.
In more severe cases codeine.
The antihistamine ones improve the expansion of the
glasses
.
The vasoconstrictores narrow the
glasses
.
The adrenérgicos drugs beta usually are beneficial in some individuals.
Recently antagonistic serotoninérgicos have been commercialized (
a
nervous
messenger) that seem very effective for jugular an
attack
,
but
that, to the being very powerful, will have to be prescribed by the
doctor
.
Complications.
Migraña of more than 72 hours, that lead to
dehydration
and
cerebral
inflammation.
Prognosis.
The symptoms are controlled with the treatment.
The duration of the
attacks
usually diminishes in the time.
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