CHOLERA
Disease information
CHOLERA
Cholera
.
Diarrheal
disease
caused by Vibrio
cholera
.
Based on the criteria used to classify them, there are two major varieties, classical and El Tor.
Cholera
has
produced major pandemics (ie,
global
epidemics)
Causes.
Cholera
is
transmitted
by fecal - oral route, contaminated feces in turn contaminate the water used for irrigation or drinking.
The symptoms of
cholera
are caused by
a
toxin that causes secrección fluid into the digestive tract.
Signs and symptoms.
The cardinal symptom is
diarrhea
:
Begins after one to two days.
In characteristic appearance:
Aqueous.
"In water to wash rice" (gray, cloudy, with traces of mucus)
Very abundant (up to 250 ml / kg. 15 liters for
a
person 60 Kg)
Painless.
Without fever.
Vomiting may occur.
The loss of water and electrolytes causes:
Muscle cramps
.
Weakness.
Dehydration
.
Risk Factors.
Drink water or taking of
vegetables
and fruits without proper hygienic conditions.
Overcrowding and poverty.
Malnutrition.
Prevention.
Prevent or disinfect water and the
vegetables
and fruits hygiene dubious:
Put
a
pad of bleach (sold for human consumption and
a
variable amount of water in pharmacies and other airports) for the amount of water that is likely to take.
Alternatively boil.
Soak the raw fruits or
vegetables
in water with
a
bleach tablet during the time that the instructions advise.
Wash hands thoroughly before eating or handling food.
Diagnosis and Treatment.
Diagnosis.
The diagnosis is made through the
clinic
.
It may be necessary to carry out blood tests to rule out complications.
For reasons may be useful to conduct epidemiological analysis of feces.
For details in
English
,
Travel
Information from WHO.
Treatment.
The foundation of treatment is adequate rehydration.
General Measures.
The patient is resting and comfortable.
If you do not have vomiting, shall be restored through
a
liquid
solution glucosalina.
If you have vomiting or severe
dehydration
, you must administer fluids intravenously initially.
Medication.
May not be necessary.
Activity
.
Sleep until recovery.
Diet.
View and prevention measures.
Complications.
Cholera
can be fatal, for
dehydration
.
Forecast.
With proper treatment in time, heals in
a
week.
Related Products