HIP FRACTURE
Disease information
HIP FRACTURE
Fracture
of hip.
Complete rupture or partial of the head of fémur, that articulates in the hip with the bones pélvicos. el greater bone of the joint of the hip.
Age.
The breakage by
common
traumatismos affects to both sexes and all the ages.
The
spontaneous
breakage or the breakage caused by smaller injuries mainly affects the people of age superior to the 70 years.
Prognosis.
Usually one cures with surgery and rehabilitation.
Complications.
Infection
of the surgical wound.
Damages in the nerves and the blood vessels in the zone of the
fracture
.
Added breakup.
Lack of sanguineous irrigation in the injured zone, that causes the death of weaves of the bone.
Bad healing (bad union) of the
fracture
.
Clots of blood due to the confinement in the bed and the restriction of activities, that happen towards the lungs.
Prevention.
Asegúrese to take the
calcium
that needs (between 1000 and 1500 mg to the day) by means of milk and milky products or supplements
calcium
.
Protéjase against the falls, mainly in its house (eye with carpets and esterillas)
The women would have to consult to their
doctor
the possibility of taking estrogens when the
menopause
begins.
Diagnosis and treatment.
DIAGNOSIS:
The diagnosis is made by means of the clinical inspection.
It is confirmed by means of x - ray.
TREATMENT:
Except for rare cases, surgical, according to type of
fracture
, returns to locate fragments in his site and they maintain by means of "nail - plate" or head extirpates and prótesis replaces by "of caderal" (partial, if it leans on the bones of pelvis, total if it leans on an artificial cazoleta to intention) although are more options.
General measures.
Unlike most of the
fractures
, those of hip (after the operation) they do not need stucco.
After the surgery, it is possible to be bathed and to be showered as usual.
It can carefully wash the incision with not perfumed smooth soap.
The bandages are optional.
The heat mitigates the pain the incision. Use an electrical pad,
a
solar
lamp
or
a
towel soaked in tempered and slipped water.
Medication.
His
doctor
can prescribe:
Analgesic.
Antibiotics to fight the
infection
when it is necessary.
Softeners of lees to avoid the constipation.
Anticoagulants (Heparina) to prevent the complications with the operation.
Activity
.
When waking up of the anesthesia, it often moves the affected leg to reduce the possibility of blood clots.
Most of the surgeons
orders
the patients to rise and to take some steps as rapidly as possible.
Resume its activities gradually as soon as it begins the healing.
Diet
Liquid
the first day after the surgery, soon nothing special.
Ask its
doctor
if it would have to take supplements from
calcium
.
Warn its medico if.
Call immediately if it
has
entumecimiento or loss of sensitivity underneath the site of the
fracture
. It is an emergency.
It happens the following thing after the operation:
Inflammation raises or underneath the site of the
fracture
.
It
has
muscular
chills, fever, pains or migraines.
It increases the pain, the inflammation, the reddening or secretion in the place of the surgery.
It
has
constipation.
Note lack of air.
Causes.
Unbearable pain when trying to walk.
Inflammation, sensitivity and hematoma in the zone of the hip.
Deformed appearance of the hip. In the most typical
fractures
the member is shortened in relation to the other, ligéramente doubled by the knee and with pié outwards.
Signs and symptoms.
Ocular pain.
Fotofobia (sensitivity to the light)
Lagrimeo.
Factors of risk.
Activities that increase the danger of traumatismos.
Osteoporosis
, specially the one that appears after the
menopause
.
Cancer
of bone.
Variety of medications, that diminishes the warning signs.
Calcium
imbalance.
Bad feeding, specially with insufficiency of
calcium
and proteins.
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