PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Disease information
PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Parkinson's
disease
.
In
a
degenerative
disease
of the
nervous
system
that is manifested by
premature
aging and progressive certain structures that causes
a
deficiency
of
a
chemical, dopamine in certain brain centers.
Rarely appears in people younger than 40 years, being somewhat more
common
in men.
It causes
muscle
rigidity, decreased mobility and tremor.
Complications.
Despite the difficulties they produce their
disease
, patients should try for themselves the activities of daily living.
The difficulties in the march showed that patients can cause falls, it will ensure that there are no obstacles in his path (wrinkled carpets, cables,
Forecast.
Those derived from the symptoms, especially falls.
It is an incurable
disease
.
The treatment improved somewhat the quality of life for patients, although its loss of efficacy or side effects are major
problems
.
Diagnosis and Treatment.
The diagnosis is made by the signs and symptoms.
There are
a
number of
diseases
attending
a
clinic
similar to Parkinson's and are produced by drugs, poisoning by
carbon
monoxide or
manganese
, and so on. And deniminan Parkinsonian
Syndrome
or Parkinson's.
It is therefore very important to rule out
a
patient who presents symptoms of Parkinson's
disease
, which is not something secondary to medication you are taking.
We must emphasize that not all tremors are caused by Parkinson's, especially those who tremble to drink, write or take an object.
Medication.
Even when Parkinson's
disease
is
chronic
, there are currently various treatments that improve the quality and life expectancy.
Dopamine (
a
chemical whose
deficiency
causes Parkinson's) can not manage directly,
but
it can be precursors to give when they reach the brain are transformed into it, or similar substances with
a
similar effect to that of dopamine. Therefore, it is
now
possible to compensate for this shortcoming with
cerebral
intake of these substances.
In these patients, regular monitoring should be done that will allow us to manage the best treatment in
each
case, and that while medicines are very effective, have many side effects and long term.
In fact, we should try to control with the least possible medication.
It is
a
feature
almost
spectacular initial response
but
that gradually becomes less intense and more variable.
Prevention.
Does not exist.
Risk Factors.
In some patients, the occupational exposure to certain industrial pollutants.
In most cases, is unknown.
Signs and symptoms.
Tremor:
occurs at rest to be regular and rapid.
mainly affects the hands, so asymmetric (one more than the other)
ceases to carry out
a
voluntary movement disappears during sleep.
the characteristic "gild the pill", circular movements of the thumbs on the indices.
Stiffness:
by increased
muscle
tone.
appearing as
a
passive resistance to the mobilization (ie, by someone else) from
a
joint, which assigns portions.
causing the so - called "sign of the cog"; trying to stretch, for example, the elbow, and is reluctant, until he gave
a
little, returning to resist, and so on. until it opens at all.
Acinesia, or parquedad movements:
late and slow in the beginning of voluntary movements,
Automatic movements disappear as the rocking of the arms while walking.
the so
- called "face mask" because it
has
little expressiveness and without pestañeo.
scarcity of gestures.
monotonous and slow
language
.
affects the script, which dwarfs and desestructura.
also produces difficulty and slowness in everyday activities (eating, grooming or dressing)
The march is typical, being
a
small steps, without Braceo and trouble with the turns. Walk "chasing", inclined forward.
Causes.
As already mentioned, Parkinson's
disease
is due to the shortage of
a
chemical, dopamine, in particular levels of the brain.
Although it
has
been associated with
multiple
genetic
factors, brain aging and environmental factors, such as
a
toxic substance used by drug induces
a
very similar clinical picture, it is not known why the
disease
occurs.
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