Spina Bifida
Disease information
Spina Bifida
Spina Bifida
.
Indentation at the bottom of the spine that
has
not finished join during its
development
before birth.
There are three types:
Spina
bifida
occult, is opening in the posterior arch of one or more vertebrae of the spine, with no apparent damage on the
spinal
cord.
The meningocele:
meninges, or coverage that protects the bone marrow, have gone through openings of the vertebrae, forming
a
sac called meningocele.
The myelomeningocele:
The most severe form of spina
bifida
, in which
a
portion of the
spinal
cord protrudes through the slit. Diagnosis is made after the exploration in neonatal or later, when it appears
incontinence
or lack of mobility of limbs.
TREATMENT:
The treatment is surgical in its case, although sometimes difficult to realize because of the complexity of the injuries.
Hydrocephalus is surgical operation through
a
shunt procedure (derivation of the
liquid
produced in excess into the abdominal cavity, where reabsorbe)
Complications.
The resulting from hydrocephalus and opportunistic
diseases
.
Infection
and inflammation of the bone marrow.
Bacterial
and viral
meningitis
.
Risk Factors.
Lack of vitamins during
pregnancy
(
folic acid
)
Component
family
.
Prevention.
Vitamin
supplementation during
pregnancy
.
Signs and symptoms.
The hidden spina
bifida
, which affects 30% of Western populations, is asymptomatic.
One out of every thousand
children
suffers from
a
meningocele (4% of them) or
a
myelomeningocele (96% remaining) The impact of this alteration are:
Muscle
weakness.
Paralysis of the areas below the slit.
Urinary
incontinence
and / or fecal
incontinence
.
Hydrocephalus by abnormal accumulation of
spinal
fluid (the fluid that bathes the brain and
spinal
cord) which compresses these structures.
Causes.
Are due to
a
defect in the closure of the neural tube during embryonic
development
.
Most of these defects are attributed to
a
deficiency
of folic acid during
pregnancy
.
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