HAMAMELIS
HAMAMELIS
Hamamelis
; al. Virginische Zaubernub;
English
.
Witch hazel
.
Sheet.
This shrub that resembles
a
tortuous
hazel
branches and
has
branched who leaves oval, asymmetric at the base, sinuous and toothed on the edges of the blade. The flowers, bouquets grouped in armpit, are tetramer: 4S + 4
P
+ 4
E
(fertile) 4
E
(scales) 2
C
.
Source
.
It is very
common
in the forests of eastern North
American
continent (Quebec, northeastern United States and from Virginia to
Florida
) which also is grown for ornamental and in Europe. Will gather the leaves and bark of the stems.
Chemical composition.
Most of the work performed phytochemicals are old. One can observe the presence of
a
small amount of
essential
oil (Hexenal, acetaldehyde, ionone, alcohols, phenols. and phenolic compounds: flavonoids (the flavonol glycosides) acids, phenolsand tannins.
• Tannins. Its content can reach 10%. The presence of hamamelitanino - digaloil hamamelosa - discussed beforehas been confirmed by HPLC it also shows that the drug contains gallic acid free. The main components of the extracts of hydroalcoholic
hamamelis
are condensed tannins: the proantocianidoles. Five molecules have been detected in this group, one is
a
procianidol (eg
a
oligomers of
a
catechol) the rest could be
a
mixed oligomers catechol and
a
galocatecol: its hydrolysis oxidizer provides cianidol and delfinidol. The same results were obtained with the crust [256] Still unknown is the
nature
and configuration of the links. In addition to the proantocianidoles, the crust contains
hamamelis
hamamelitanino (more abundant in leaves) and gallates of catechol and its stereoisomers.
Pharmacological data.
The drug
has
attracted
a
limited number of experimental work. The spray of hydroalcoholic extract is bacteriostatic, especially on Gram (Also, the extract is molluscicide. The dye
hamamelis
(300 mg / l intra, rabbit) is capable of rapidly and significantly the flow of infusion, which translates into
a
vasoconstrictor effect. Affirms that Delaveau, in the dog, the aqueous extract injected via iv reduces the diuretic, relaxes the smooth fibers of the
intestine
and decreases the heart contractibilidad [259]
Observations on the Man.
The work in this field are scarce. Plethysmography shows that the gaseous mixture of extract of
hamamelis
, hidrastis
Indian
and horse
chestnut
, absorption at very high doses, it causes an increase in venous tone in subjects varicose. In the
beauty
industry,
has
demonstrated that cutaneous thermometry by the local application of the extract of leaves causes
a
decrease in temperature probably due to
a
local vasoconstriction.
Employment.
The drug appears to be devoid of toxicity:
the LD50 of the fraction tánica per you can not be determined in the rat. No
chronic
toxicity
has
been detected (100 mg / kg / day, 3 months) As in the case of other drugs in wealthy procianidoles oligomers (eg
ratania
) or tannins gálicos,
hamamelis
leaves are used as preparations extracts and phytotherapeutic traditionally given in the hemorrhoidal symptoms and treatment of subjective manifestations of venous insufficiency.
In Spain authorizing the use of this plant for the treatment of varicose veins,
hemorrhoids
,
phlebitis
, tired legs, venous insufficiency and rule too abundant.
The drug.
The road is short
hamamelis
leaf stalk. Limbo, often reddish or verde
mate
, is clearly asymmetrical at the base and lightly serrated on the edges. The consideration under the microscope of
a
cross section reveals TECTOR unicellular hairs clustered in groups of 4 - 12, which are located on the lower side, near the nerves. The only presented parenchima
a
layer of tissue in palisade and is packed with sclerite little branching. The
C
.
C
.
F
. Extract (60% ethanol) shows spots for the gallic acid and quercetol. The
H
.
P
. L.
C
. allows
a
quantitative analysis of all the tannins.
Bibliography.
P
. BERNARD.
Les feuilles d'hamamelis.
Plantes Méd Phytother. 11, 184 - 188, 1977.
H
. FRIEDRICH, N. KRÜGER.
Neue Untersuchungen über den
Hamamelis
- Gerbstoff. II. Der Gerbstoff
H
. von der Blätter virginiana.
Planta Med
. 26, 327 - 332, 1974.
B. VENNAT,
H
. POURRAT, M.
P
. Pouget,
D
. GROSS &
A
. POURRAT.
Tannins from
Hamamelis
virginiana: identification of proanthocyanidins and hamamelitannin. Quantification in leaf, bark, and extract stem.
Planta Med
. 54, 454 - 457, 1988.
H
. FRIEDRICH, N. KRÜGER.
Neue Untersuchungen über den
Hamamelis
- Gerbstoff. I. Der Gerbstoff
H
. von der Pays virginiana.
Planta Med
. 25, 138 - 148, 1974.
D
. Schaufelberger and
K
. HOSTETTMANN.
On the molluscicidal
activity
of tannin containing plants
Planta
Med. 48, 105 - 107, 1983.
P
. BERNARD,
P
. BALANSARD, G. BALANSARD and
A
. BOVIS.
Valeur des pharmacodynamique toniveineuse preparations galéniques à base d'hamamelis feuilles.
J. Pharm. Belg. 27, 505 - 512, 1972.
P
. Delaveau
Hamamelis
.
virginiana (Hamamelidacées)
Act. Pharm. 163) 41 - 42, 1980.
R. J. ROYER and J. L. SCHMIDT.
Interest in the pléthysmographie gazeuse pour l'APPRÉCIATION des effects "veinotropes" of drugs. Etude des effets des oligomers procyanidoliques.
Semaine des Hôpitaux, Paris, 57, 2009 - 2013, 1981.
A
. M. DIEMUNSCH and
C
. MATHIS.
Vasoconstricteur effet de l'application in
Hamamelis
externe.
S.
T
.
P
. Pharm. 3, 111 - 114, 1987.
E
. SCHOLZ and
H
. RIMPLER.
Proanthocyanidins from Krameria triandra.
Planta Med
. 55, 379 - 384, 1989.
B. VENNAT, M.
P
. Pouget,
D
. GROSS &
A
. POURRAT.
Galéniques preparations à base d'hamamelis et d'extracts of
marron
d'inde: dosage simultaneous l'hamamélitanin et de l'esculoside.
J. Pharm. Belg. 44, 285 - 291, 1989.
Diseases
whose treatment is appropriate in this plant.
Iinsuficiencia
venous.
Varices
.
Hemorrhoids
.
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