ANGELICA
ANGELICA
Angelica
true;
German
: Echte Engelwurz;
English
:
Garden
angelica
.
Stem underground.
Herbaceous plant of large size, 1 to 2 m,
angelica
bipennatisectas
has
large leaves, toothed and with the petiole widened at the base, forming
a
sheath that surrounds the main stem, robust, hollow grooved and generally
violet
. The
yellow
- green flowers are arranged in umbels compound at the end of the stem.
Source
.
The species is characteristic of wet places of Northern and
Central
Europe.
A
subspecies
A
. litoralis (Fries) Thell. is located on the shores of North and West Europe.
Chemical composition.
It is known quite well. The drug contains phenols acids in its composition,
a
flavanona, beta - sitosterol, coumarin, cromones and
essential
oil.
•
Essential
oil (0. 3 - 0. 6%) Its composition depends on the
source
. Monoterpenes consists of hydrocarbons (
a
- pinene and beta - phellandrene, carene) and, secondarily, hydrocarbons Sesquiterpenesand macrocyclic lactones.
• Furanocumarinas. They are very numerous, both linear and angular, furans and hidroxiisopropil Dihydrofuran: bergapteno, arcangelicina, imperatorina, oxipeucedanina, xantotoxol, xantotoxina, ostrutol, isoimperatorina, arcangelina, from esterified heraclenol and. Accompanied coumarin simple (osthol, osthenol. Heterosídicas forms have been isolated from the subspecies
A
. litoralis: glycosides derivatives Dihydrofuran (apterina, marmesinina heterósidos and other derivatives of the hydroxyl marmesina) glycosides derived from the biakangelicina and heraclenol [460]
• cromones. They are especially at the varieties originating in the Himalayasand Kashmir.
• It should be noted that the Asian species, highly prized by Chinese medicineand
Japanese
, among others containing compounds, phthalide and soluble polysaccharideas well as polieninos.
Pharmacological data.
Traditionally known as the
angelic
drug aperitive, estomáquica and its contents in carminativa by phellandrene. In addition, these actions are completed in many cases of
nervous
origin
, for his strong power antispasmodic.
The angelicina gives the drug properties sedatives, anticonvulsants and
muscle
relaxants demonstrated in several animal species, rats, mice and rabbits both orally or intraperitoneally.
Arcangelicina derivatives and the like are
coronary
vasodilators, phosphodiesterase inhibitors of cyclic AMP. The
alcoholic
extract of the drug is antibacterial and active on Candida albicans. The furanocumarinas at high doses, are responsible for the phototoxicity, well known in the plantare also photomutagenic [467b]
The pharmacology of the eastern species is known better: mitogénica
activity
on B lymphocytes, stimulating the production of interferon, stimulation of macrophages and the formation of antibodies antihematíes lamb tumor
activity
on certain formations, anticomplement
activity
. These actions seem immune due to
a
glycoprotein associated with the polysaccharide fraction. The phthalide are antispasmodic, the polieninos painkillers. The biological
activity
varies depending on the
origin
and quality of drugs.
Employment.
The infusion and simple preparations Galenical obtained from the underground parts of
angelica
, used in the symptomatic treatment of digestive
disorders
such as slow digestions and epigastric pain and pain treatment of
colitis
espasmódicas.
The drug is widely used by the food industry, confectionery, the liquor stores.
In the Far - East, the angelical used as an analgesic, sedative and anti.
In Spain authorizing the use of this plant for digestive
disorders
(
aerophagia
, gas,
stomach
aches, poor appetite, vomiting
spasmodic
) as
a
tranquilizer and
headaches
of
nervous
origin
.
The drug.
The underground stems, quite short,
has
in his bottom many roots very wrinkled and arranged in bunches. The cross section of the stem underground show, in contrast to that of the stem,
a
bone marrow visible and an area thick woody. The microscopic examination in the presence of lactic reagent, sample - filled channel secretory droplets of
orange
and starch
grains
of colored
purple
, including in cells. The
essential
oil content is less than 0. 4% (V / m) The
essential
oil is identified by precipitation of
a
derivative of phellandrene using
sodium
nitrite in acetic. This hydrocarbon can also be observed by CCF of the
essential
oil. The ostenol is
a
useful marker for identification
but
also for the assessment of the drug. The technique of
H
.
P
. L.
C
. allows the analysis of furanocumarinas.
Bibliography.
B. M. LAWRENCE.
Progress in essentail oils.
Perfume.
Flavor
. 14, 07 - 08) 41 - 56, 1989.
I. HÉTHELYI,
P
. TÉTÉNYI,
A
. KALMAR - PAL, G. TURIAK and G. GREZAL.
Mass - spectrometric examination of the oil components of
Angelica
Archangel
.
Herba Hungarian, 24, 149 - 163, 1985.
J. CARBONNIER and
D
. MOLHO.
Contribution to the study furocoumarines du genre des
Angelica
. Distribution du cyclolavandulyloxy - b - 5 psoralen.
H
. SUN and J. JAKUPOVIC.
Further heraclenol derivatives from
Angelica
Archangel
.
Pharmazie, 41, 888 - 889, 1986.
J. LEMMICH, S. HAVELUND and O. THASTRUP.
Dihydrofurocoumarin glucosidase from
Archangel
Angelica
and
Angelica
sylvestris.
Phytochemistry, 22, 553 - 555, 1983.
O. THASTRUP and J. LEMMICH.
Furocoumarin glucosidase
Archangel
subspecies of
Angelica
litoralis.
Phytochemistry, 22, 2035 - 2037, 1983.
S. Harken
T
.
K
. RAZDAN and
E
. S. WAIGHT.
Steroids, chromone and coumarins from
Angelica
officinalis
.
Phytochemistry, 23, 419 - 426, 1984.
V.
K
. KAUL and
P
. WEYERSTAHL.
Further evidence for the revised structure of angelicain.
Phytotherapy, 58, 129 - 132, 1987.
D
. and M. J. HOIZEY.
Histoire de la Médecine chinoise, Paris, Payot, 1988.
a
) S. J. SHEU, Y. S. HO, Y.
P
. Chen and
H
. Y. HSU.
Analysis and processing of Chinese
herbal
drugs; VI. The study of Angelicae radix.
Planta Med
. 53, 377 - 378, 1987.
b)
H
. Yamada,
H
. Kiyohara and Y. Otsuka.
Characterization of
a
water - soluble GLUCAN from
A
(
a
) SJ SHEU,
Y. KUMAZAWA,
K
. MIZUNOE and Y. Otsuka.
Immunostimulating polysaccharide separated from hot water extract of
Angelica
acutiloba Kitagawa (Yamato Tohki)
Immunology, 47, 75 - 83, 1982; see also:
H
. HIKINO, East Recent research on medicinal plants, in: EcoY. KUMAZAWA,
K
. MIZUNOE and Y. Otsuka.
Immunostimulating polysaccharide separated from hot water extract of
Angelica
acutiloba Kitag.
N. CHANDHOKE and B. J. "Ray Ghatak.
Pharmacological investigations of angelicin -
A
tranquillosedative and anticonvulsant agent.
Indian
J. Med. Res. 63, 833, 841, 1975.
a
)
C
. BENEZRA, G. DUCOMBS, Y. SELL and J. FOUSSE -
Réau.
Plant
contact
dermatitis
. B.
C
. Decker, Toronto, 1985.
b) O. SCHIMMER.
Bestimmung der phototoxischen und photomutagenen Potenz furocumarinhaltiger Drogenzubereitungen Handels - und mit dem präparate (
a
)
C
. BENEZRA, G. DUCOMBS, Y. SELL and J. FOUSSE -
REA.
O. B. GENIUS.
Radix Angelicae archangelicae, Identitätnachweis und Gehaltsbestimmung auf der Basis von Osthenol.
Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg. 121, 386 - 387, 1981.
G.
C
. ZOGG, S. NYIREDY and O. Stich.
Apiaceenwurzeln.
Qualitative und quantitative Funonacumarinbestimmung in Apiaceenwurzeln.
Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg. 129, 717 - 722, 1989.
Diseases
whose treatment is appropriate in this plant.
Aerophagia
.
Irritable bowel
/
colitis spasmodic
.
Diarrhea
.
Dyskinesias bile.
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