BLACK RADISH
BLACK RADISH
Radish
black, al. Schwarzer Rettich; Eng.
Black radish
.
Root.
The black
radish
is
a
herbaceous plant, usually bisanual, leaves alternate and rough to the touch. It
has
white flowers that are grouped in clusters. The petals are unguiculados, the androecium tetradínamo (6 stamens of which two are smaller) The fruit is
a
siliqua swollen and spongy.
Source
.
The black
radish
(not to be confused with
horseradish
, Cochlearia
armoracia
L. is grown for thousands of years. Of uncertain
origin
, can descend from the wild
radish
(R. raphanistrum L. found from the Atlantic to the Volga.
Chemical composition.
The analysis of the composition of this edible root
has
drawn little
attention
from researchers. Its fiber content is important. This is accompanied by fiber carbohydrates, amino acids and vitamins.
The characteristic features are
sulfur
compounds: glucosinolates. These molecules, still called "heterósidos
sulfur
, " heterosídicos anionic compounds are responsible for the strong odor that
release
the Brasicáceas and other families nearby. The compound is the main 3 - methyl indolil glucosinolates, classically known as "glucobrasicina. " Unstable molecule which is degraded in isothiocyanate - 3 - methyl indole by an enzyme that is always present in such plants: the tioglucósido glucohidrolasa. The presence, after hydrolysis of isothiocyanate
E
- 4 - methylthio - 3 - butenyl indicates that there is another glucosinolate in the drug. He also mentioned the sulforafeno and allyl isothiocyanate derived from the degradation of the glucorafanina and sinigrósido [578, 580] It is known that, under certain conditions of pH, the glucosinolates can thiocyanates and isothiocyanates that are likely to end up in nitriles. It does not seem that these side effects have been, in the event of
horseradish
black, the subject of investigations.
Pharmacological data.
Of all the virtues that tradition attributes to the black
radish
, only
a
small number of them have been subjected to pharmacological studies.
•
Activity
diuretic: The black
radish
is active per os in the rat.
Has
been found in the same animal, after
a
long - term treatment (6 weeks)
a
preventive
activity
against the
moderate
increase in the size of the
stones
implanted in the
urinary
bladder
.
•
Activity
hepatobiliary: According to the literature, the black
radish
stimulates bile secretion and causing
a
moderate
contraction of the gallbladder, which facilitates the removal of debris: one speaks of "draining the liver".
The volatile
sulfur
products from the degradation of glucosinolates are antibacterial in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus and other germs.
The glucosilonatos micronutrients would be protectors of the harmful action of genotoxic agents.
Observations on the Man.
Clinical studies are not very abundant. You can highlight an essay with that achieved very good results with black
radish
in cases of slow digestion, postprandial heaviness, hichamiento epigastric.
Employment.
The drug is used in powdered form,
but
is also used in the form of juice extracted from fresh drugs, syrup,
mother
tincture and numerous dietary preparations. These various preparations are proposed in case of "liver migraines, " stone, cholecystitis,
gastrointestinal
allergy
. Homeopathy uses the drug frequently. Cosmetology used in hair products due to possible action of the components of
sulfur
on
alopecia
. The volatility in glucosilonatos raises the issue of the
nature
of the active and how Galenica.
The drug.
The result, very bulky, can reach 50 cm in length. Thick, fleshy, swollen, with grooves and rough, is white on the inside and black on the outside. The smell is strong and pungent
flavor
. The identification of the drug begins the characterization of
sulfur
compounds (formation of lead sulphide) and the study by thin layer chromatography
a
tincture of ethanol (to reveal
silver
nitrate or
iodine
) There is no particular method for the quantitative study of the drug: you can identify the volatile products (after hydrolysis) and analyzed by gas chromatography. The colorimetry of isothiocyanates is possible,
but
does not take into account the rest of the products derived from the glucosinolates.
Bibliography.
P
. O. LARSEN.
Glucosinolates. In:
The biochemistry of plants,
P
.
K
. STUMPF and
E
.
E
. CONN. Eds. London, Academic Press, vol 7,
p
. 501 - 525, 1981.
J.
E
. RODMAN.
Divergence, Convergence, and paralelism in phytochemical characters: the glucosinolate - myrosinase
system
. In: Phytochemistry and Angiosperm Phylogeny, DA YOUNG and
D
. S. Seigle, eds. New York, Praeger,
p
. 43 - 79, 1981.
A
.
P
. WILKINSON, M. J.
C
. RHODES and R. G. FENWICK.
Myrosinase
activity
of cruciferous
vegetables
.
J. Sci. Food. Agric. 35, 543 - 552, 1984.
P
. Delaveau Radis noir.
Act. Pharm. 204) 33 - 34, 1983.
A
. Kjaer, J. Ø. MADSEN, Y. MAEDA, Y. Ozawa and Y. UDA.
Volatiles in DISTILLATE of fresh
radish
and Kenya
origin
of
japanese
.
Agric. Biol. Chem. 42, 1715 - 1721, 1978.
J. LUTOMSKI and
H
. SPEICHERT.
Schwarzrettich als Quelle einige Phytopharmaka.
Pharmacie in our Zeit, 11, 151 - 155, 1982.
E
. Racza - KOTTILA, I. Formanek and G. Racza.
Action diurétique prévention et de la formation des calculs of urinaires of certain plant preparations.
Plantes Méd. Phytother. 7, 250 - 254, 1973.
H
. ESAKI and
H
. Onozaki.
Antimicrobial action of pungent principles in
radish
root.
Eiyo to Shokuryo, 35, 207 - 211, 1982. Chem. Abstracts. 97W, 178. 620t, 1982)
S.
D
. CORPET.
Food and ethilogycal du du colon
cancer
.
Cah. Nutr. Diet. 24, 375 - 380, 1989.
D
. Tallec.
Contribution to the use of Radis noir in phytothérapie.
Phytotherapy, 7) 25, 1983.
Diseases
whose treatment is appropriate in this plant.
Dyskinesias bile.
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