SEN OF ALEXANDRIA

cassia acutifolia

SEN OF ALEXANDRIA
cassia acutifolia

Used Part.

The leaflets and fruit.

Active Principles.

Leaflet: Glycosides of diantronas (2 - 5%) A senósidos ones, A1, and small amounts of CG heterósidos Anthraquinone: glycosides aloe - emodina and queen. Mucilages (10%) flavonoids: kenferol, resin irritant.

Fruits: Mixed derivatives Anthraquinone: 1% for the sin of Spain (Cassia obovata) 3% of India (Cassia angustifolia) 4 - 5% in the sense of Alexandria (Cassia senna) Glycosides of diantronas: AD senósidos ones, glucosenósidos, HETRE anthraquinone (to a lesser extent than in the leaflets) flavonoids (kenferol) resinous substances.

R. F. E.

The fruit of sin in Khartoum or Alexandria (Cassia senna Del. Contains at least 3. 4% of heterósidos hidroxiantracénicos estimated at sennoside B.

The fruit of sin in India or Tinnevelly (Cassia angustifolia Vahl. Contains at least 2. 2% of heterósidos hidroxiantracénicos estimated at sennoside B.

Sheet sen: Cassia senna leaflets desc Del. Cassia angustifolia Vahl or a mixture of both. Must contain at least 2. 5% of heterósidos hidroxiantracénicos expressed in sennoside B.

Drug Action.

Anthraquinone Derivatives colagoga give it a laxative and, at low doses and laxative at higher doses.

Most of the heterósidos, come directly to the colon where, by the action of enzymes of the bacteria, releasing the agliconas producing an irritation of the nerve endings in the intestinal wall, determining a secretion of water and an increase in intestinal peristalsis. The drug works 10 - 12 hours after intake.

The fruits, for its lower content derived Anthraquinone produce a more lax laxative - soft leaflets. But it has been found that the hot water extracted with greater ease senósidos ones A and B of the fruit.

Indications.

Constipation occasional situations where it is required intestinal emptying (radiographic studies, pre - and postoperatively, etc)

Contraindications.

Acute abdomen, intestinal obstruction. Pregnancy (for their effect oxytocin can induce abortions) nursing (to pass into breast milk can cause diarrhea in infants) children under six. Menstruation, uterine or intestinal inflammatory statements, cystitis. Hemorrhoids (by its irritating effect, but often considered an indication, as a laxative) Liver failure, kidney or heart failure, cardiac treatment (hypokalaemia can enhance their action)

Do not prescribe oral dosage forms with alcohol content to children under two years or consultants in the process of alcohol addiction.

Side Effects.

Excessive doses or used in people with greater sensitivity to the drug can cause intestinal cramping and vomiting.

To mitigate the unpleasant side effects, we recommend the prescribing of leaflets desresinificados sen.

Caution / Poisoning.

Having become one of the plants have long been employed in developed countries for the treatment of constipation is very common to observe side effects: Chronic intake of leaflets senna can lead to the destruction of the nerve plexus intramural of the colon, causing the so - called cathartic colon: a large intestine and devoid of Aten haustral, tubular appearance similar to ulcerative colitis of long duration. Often accompanied by melanosis rectocólica. Abuse of laxatives can also determine diselectrolitemia - hypokalaemia is especially dangerous in cardiac - esteatorrhea mild and protein losing enteropathy.

The biggest cause of side - effects of drugs with heterósidos Anthraquinone stems from its continued use, rather like self - abuse, as well as the food use of "fibrous bread" that although they have a laxative effect loose - sharp, is sold freely in bakeries.

Should be used only for short periods of time and on prescription. Gattuso JM, Kamm MA, as recommended only for older people with a very gut Aten and terminal patients, because of the risk of liver toxicity of this drug.

For the treatment of chronic constipation or usual, we recommend using laxatives mechanics, and introduce the necessary moficicaciones in diet and habits.

Take into account the alcohol content of the fluid extract and tincture.

Galenica forms / Dosage.

Infusion: 5 to 20 grams / liter, 1 - 2 cups a day.

Dust: 100 - 300 mg 1 - 4 times a day, in capsules.

Fluid extract (1: 1) 0. 5 to 3 g / day.

Dry extract (4: 1) 0. 5 to 2 g / day (1 g equivalent to 4 g of dry plant)

Syrup (5% extract fluid) 15 to 30 grams a day.

Enema, with infusion: 15 to 20 grams / liter. Immediate effect.

Dose recommended by the ESCOP: Preparations equivalent to 15 - 30 mg hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives, calculated as sennoside B. The correct dose is the smallest that will produce the desired effect.

Bibliography.

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European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP) Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Fascicle V: Sennae folium; Sennae fructus acutifoliae; Sennae fructus angustifoliae. July, 1997.

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Gattuso, JM; Kamm, MA. Adverse effects of drugs used in the management of constipation and diarrhea. Drug Saf, 10: 47 - 65, 1994 Jan.

James, A; Duke, Ph. D. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 5. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1987, pp. 102, 518; 551.

Fernandez, M; Nieto, A. Medicinal Plants. Pamplona: Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, 1982, p. 55.

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Ros E. Disorders of intestinal motility. In: Farreras Rozman, Internal Medicine, 13th (CD - ROM edition) Barcelona: Doyma, 1996, p. 111.

Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin. A Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm: Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, 1992, pp. 120.

Trease, GE, Evans, WCh. Pharmacognosy. Mexico City: Inter - MacGraw - Hill, 1991, pp. 424 - 431.

Van Hellemont, J. Compendium of Phytothérapie. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 86 - 8.

Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Calvo, C. Gomez, D; Montserrat, G. Medicinal Plants of the Aragonese Pyrenees and other tierrras Huesca. 2. Huesca: Provincial, 1992, p. 144.

WICHTL, M. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical. A Handbook for Practice on a scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 463 - 9.

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