PINE ALVAR

pinus sylvestris

PINE ALVAR
pinus sylvestris

Used Part.

The buds, leaves and young branches.

Active Principles.

Yolks: essential oil (pinene, limonene, terpineno, mirceno, sabineno, ocimene, terpinolene) resin, bitter principles.

Crust: Essential oil - rich pinene; turpentine, essence of turpentine, tar or pitch vegetable, rich in phenols and esters, cellulose, methyl cellulose, tannins.

Leaves: Flavonoids, vitamin C, tannins.

Drug Action.

The essential oil is responsible for its action antiseptic, expectorant, diuretic uricosuric, reinforced by the actions pitch plant. It is also antiviral, antipyretic, and immunostimulant Vasoprotectives capillary. In topical use the essential oil produces an effect rubefaciente. The pitch, obtained by pirogenación incomplete logs and chips is reductive.

Indications.

Disorders of the respiratory tree: influenza, colds, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, asthma. Cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, rheumatism (in internal and external use) gout, wounds, parodontopatías, vulvovaginitis. Brea, in topical use: psoriasis.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity to the essential oil. Kidney failure.

Unless otherwise indicated, we recommend not to prescribe the essential oil through internal during pregnancy, lactation, children under six years or patients with gastritis, gastric ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, hepatopathy, epilepsy, Parkinson's or other neurological diseases.

Do not administer, or topically applied to children under six years old or people with respiratory allergies or with known hypersensitivity to this or other essential oils.

Do not prescribe oral dosage forms with alcohol content to children under two years or consultants in the process of alcohol addiction.

Side Effects.

For its abundance in tannins, the infusion of decoction of the leaves and bark can cause digestive disorders.

Caution / Poisoning.

Use the essence with caution, especially in children, for the possibility of occurrence of bronchospasm, or pneumonitis. The excessive inhalation, or in high doses, can cause nervous excitement (even seizures) and increased blood pressure. By practicing preventive recommend a litmus test prior to the implementation of inhalations with essential oils: inhale for 15 seconds and wait 30 minutes.

The essential oil is phototoxic: avoid solar radiation after its local application.

Take into account the alcohol content of the extract fluid from the dye and syrup.

Galenica forms / Dosage.

Internal use:

Buds:

Infusion: 20 to 50 g / l, three cups a day, or in the form of inhalations.

Distilled water: 1 to 4 cups a day.

Fluid extract (1: 1) 20 - 40 drops, two or three times a day.

Tincture (1: 5) 50 - 100 drops, one to three times a day.

Syrup (5% extract fluid) 3 to 5 tablespoons (60 to 100 grams) a day.

Essential oil (see paragraph precautions)

2 to 5 drops one to three times a day, on a sugar cube or oily solution.

Capsules (25 to 50 mg / caps. One to three a day.

Suppositories (50 mg / sup. Two or three a day.

External use:

Infusion (buds, leaves) decoction (bark) Bathrooms local or general (adding 1 or 2 liters of water bath) towels, washing, irrigation, instillations, inhalations, and so on.

Brea, in the form of soap (1: 7) to friction or bathrooms; ointments.

Essential oil (see precautions)

Puffs dry: 3 - 5 drops on a handkerchief.

Wet inhalations: 5 to 10 drops in half a liter of warm water.

Aerosols: 1. 2 g / 50 ml of preparation.

Bibliography.

Benigni, R; Capra, C; Cattorini, P. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Pharmacology and Therapy. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 1107 - 9.

Bézanger - Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. Dans la Plantes Les Thérapeutiques Moderne. 2. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 334 - 6.

Bézanger - Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin, F. Medicinal plants of temperate Regions. Paris: Maloine, 1980, p. 32.

Fernandez, M; Nieto, A. Medicinal Plants. Pamplona: Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, 1982, p. 135.

Mulet, L. Ethnobotanical survey of the province of Castellon. Castellon: Provincial, 1991, pp. 336 - 7.

Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Summary of Matter Médicale. Take I. Paris: Masson, 1986, pp. 395 - 7.

Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied Fitoterapia. Valencia: M. I. Official College of Pharmacists, 1995, pp. 416 - 7.

Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Figuerola, R. Guide to Medicinal Plants of Valencia. Valencia: Las Provincias, 1996, p. 48.

Trease, GE, Evans, WCh. Pharmacognosy. Mexico City: Inter - MacGraw - Hill, 1991, p. 472.

Van Hellemont, J. Compendium of Phytothérapie. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 292 - 4.

Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Calvo, C. Gomez, D; Montserrat, G. Medicinal Plants of the Aragonese Pyrenees and other tierrras Huesca. 2. Huesca: Provincial, 1992, p. 176.

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