Reishi

ganoderma lucidum

Reishi
ganoderma lucidum

Used Part.

The fruiting bodies (carpophore pegs)

Active Principles.

Abundant polysaccharide (45%) beta - D - glucan, arabinogalactan; ganoderanas A, B and C. Triterpenes: acids ganodéricos A, B, C, D, F, H, K, M, R, S and Y; ganodermadiol, acid derivatives lanostaoico. Steroids: ganodosterona. Unsaturated fatty acids: oleic. Traces of alkaloids. Protides: Ling Zhi - 8; glycoproteins (lectins) Minerals: germanium, calcium.

Drug Action.

The high molecular weight polysaccharides have an immunostimulant action, antitumor (power production of cytokines by macrophages and T lymphocytes and increased levels of interleukin IL - 1beta, IL - 2 and IL - 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and release interferon gamma) antiviral (especially preventively) antinociceptive and hypoglycemic (see side effects and precautions) The triterpenes are responsible for their anti - inflammatory action, lipid (reduces levels of cholesterol and triglycerides) antihypertensive and hepatoprotective (action reinforced by the ganodosterona) it has been found that the anti anisci produces an effect on the liver (lowers the content of collagen liver, normalize the abnormal liver structure and reduces the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) alanine transaminase (ALT) GOT, lactodeshidrogenasa (LDH) alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin) Antihistamine, by the action of ganodéricos and oleic acids. Moreover.

has been described an antiplatelet effect and muscle relaxant.

Indications.

Acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis. Intervener in the prevention and treatment of oncological processes. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, prevention of thromboembolism. Adjunct in the treatment of diabetes. Treatment of allergic background processes. Osteoarticular inflammation, myalgia, muscle contractures. It has also been experimentally verified its effectiveness as an adjunct in the treatment of immunodeficiencies induced by opiate abuse.

Side Effects.

Initially this may cause decompensation in the levels of glucose, which is often normalize within a few weeks (see precautions)

Caution / Poisoning.

When prescribing for patients with diabetes, the doctor should monitor blood sugar levels to adjust, if necessary, the dose of insulin or oral agents.

When prescribing for patients with dyspepsia or hyper hiposecretoras recommend their postprandial administration, associated with herbal teas demulcent (eg marshmallow, chamomile or mauve)

Galenica forms / Dosage.

Powder: 3 to 9 g / day in two to three shots.

Bibliography.

Chen RY, Yu DQ. Studies on the constituents of the Spore triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum karst. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 26: 267 - 73, 1991.

Chen WC; Hau DM, Wang CC, Lin IH, Lee SS. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum and krestin on T - cell subset in spleen of gamma - irradiated mice.

Am J Chin Med, 23: 289 - 98, 1995.

TW Chen, Wong YK, Lee SS. In vitro cytotoxicity of Ganoderma lucidum on oral cancer cells. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei) 48: 54 - 8, 1991 Jul.

Chen WC; Hau DM, Lee SS. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum and krestin on cellular immunocompetence in gamma - ray - irradiated mice. Am J Chin Med, 23: 71 - 80, 1995.

Gau JP; CK Lin, SS Lee, Wang MR. The lack of Antiplatelet effect of crude extracts from Ganoderma lucidum on HIV - positive hemophiliacs.

Am J Chin Med, 18: 175 - 9, 1990.

And I, Li R, Chen Q, Lin Z, Xia D, Ma L. Chemical studies on immunologically active polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr. Karst. Chung Kuo Yao Tsa Chih Chung, 17: 226 - 8, 256, 1992 Apr.

Hsu HY; Lian SL, Lin CC. Radioprotective effect of Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex. Fr. Karst after X - ray irradiation in mice. Am J Chin Med, 18: 61 - 9, 1990.

Kawagishi H; Mitsunaga S, Yamawaki M, Ido M, Shimada A, Kinoshita T;

Murata T, Usui T, Kimura A, Chiba S. A Lectin from mycelia of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum. Phytochemistry, 44: 7 - 10, 1997 Jan.

Koyama K, Imaizumi T, Akiba M, Kinoshita K, Takahashi K, Suzuki A, Yano S, Horie S, Watanabe K; Naoi Y. Antinociceptive components of Ganoderma lucidum. Planta Med, 63: 224 - 7, 1997 Jun.

Kim RS, Kim HW, Kim BK. Suppressive effects of Ganoderma lucidum on proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol Cells, 7: 52 - 7, 1997 Feb 28.

Lee SY, Rhee HM. Cardiovascular effects of mycelium extract of Ganoderma lucidum: inhibition of sympathetic outflow as a mechanism of its hypotensive action. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 38: 1359 - 64, 1990 May.

Lin CN; Take WP; Won SJ. Novel cytotoxic principles of Formosan Ganoderma lucidum. J Nat Prod, 54: 998 - 1002, 1991 Jul - Aug.

JM Lin, Lin CC, Chiu HF, Yang JJ, Lee SG. Evaluation of the anti - inflammatory and liver - protective effects of anoectochilus formosanus, Ganoderma lucidum and gynostemma pentaphyllum in rats. Am J Chin Med, 21: 59 - 69, 1993.

JM Lin, Lin CC, Chen MF; Ujiie T, Takada A. Radical Scavenger and antihepatotoxic activity of Ganoderma formosanum, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma neo - japonicum. J Ethnopharmacol, 47: 33 - 41, 1995 Jun 23.

Lieu CW, SS Lee, SY Wang. The effect of Ganoderma lucidum on induction of differentiation in leukemic U937 cells. Anticancer Res, 12: 1211 - 5, 1992 Jul - Aug.

Park EJ, Ko G, Kim J; Sohn DH. Antifibrotic effects of a polysaccharide extracted from Ganoderma lucidum, glycyrrhizin, and pentoxifylline in rats with cirrhosis induced by Biliary obstruction. Biol Pharm Bull, 20: 417 - 20, 1997 Apr.

J Tao, Feng KY Experimental and clinical studies on inhibitory effect of Ganoderma lucidum on platelet aggregation. J Tongji Univ Med, 10: 240 - 3, 1990.

Wang SY, Hsu ML, Hsu HC, Tzeng CH, Lee SS; Shia MS; Ho CK.

The anti - tumor effect of Ganoderma lucidum is mediated by cytokinesreleased from activated T lymphocytes and macrophages. Int J Cancer, 70: 699 - 705, 1997 Mar 17.

Yun TK, Kim SH, Lee YS Trial of a new medium - term model using benzo (a) pyrene induced lung tumor in newborn mice. Anticancer Res, 15: 839 - 45, 1995 May - Jun.

Zhang LX; Mong H; Zhou XB. Effect of Ganoderma lucidum on Japanese production of interleukin - 2 from murine splenocytes. Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih, 13: 613 - 5, 582, Oct 1993.

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