MISTLETOE
MISTLETOE
Castilian:
mistletoe
, league, ringworm,
lily
, visco.
English
:
Mistletoe
, visga.
Used Part.
The leaves and shoots.
Active Principles.
Lectins (glycoproteins) Proteins, polypeptides:
viscotoxinas. Fenilpropanos, lignans. Flavonoids: quercetol derivatives. Tyramine. Polysaccharides: galacturonanas, arabinogalactan. Saponósidos triterpenic. Phenol - carboxylic acids: acid caféico.
Drug Action.
It
has
a
spasmolytic,
glaucoma
, for
peripheral
vasodilation and increased diuresis. Lipid. Anti - inflammatory.
It
was
found that different
protein
fractions of
mistletoe
have
a
marked anti - tumor
activity
(lectins, lignans, viscotoxina)
Indications.
Hypertension
, prevention of
arteriosclerosis
,
kidney stones
,
rheumatic
disorders
, pre - and postoperative treatment of malignant
tumors
. Externally: papillomas, condylomata. Some authors believe that the
mistletoe
oncostática it is active mainly in administration by injection, and oral are required several months before being effective.
Contraindications.
Heart
disease
,
cardiac
treatment (the
mistletoe
contains
a
cardiac
glycoside with action, the viscoflavina)
Kidney failure
.
Liver
Diseases
. Treatments with MAOIs (see precautions)
Pregnancy
, infancy,
children
, hepatopathy, by the presence of alkaloids, especially viscalbina.
Do not prescribe dosage forms with
alcoholic
content for oral administration in
children
under two years or consultants in the process of
alcohol
addiction
.
Caution / Poisoning.
Prescribing treatments in the form of discrete and progressive, starting with low doses. The active ingredients of the
mistletoe
are heat. Employing preferably forms galéncias stabilized.
The
berries
are highly toxic, because of its content in viscotoxina: ingestion of 15 of them cause intoxication in the form of nerve
disorders
and heart. 25
berries
can cause death by
depression
of the centers bulbares breathing and
heartbeat
.
It
has
been described
a
case of
hepatitis
linked to the intake of preparations of
mistletoe
(D'Arcy, 1995: 201 - 2)
Caution:
viscotoxina owns
a
local necrotizing action.
Its use in the presence of
hypertension
, heart
disease
or
kidney
failure
moderate
or severe, should be done only by prescription and under medical supervision.
For its content in tyramine, the
mistletoe
can trigger hypertensive crisis in patients who are undergoing treatment with antidepressant MAOI.
Take into account the
alcohol
content of the fluid extract and tincture.
Galenica forms / Dosage.
See contraindications, precautions)
Infusion:
one teaspoon per cup of
coffee
, infuse 10 minutes. Two cups per day, after meals.
Dust:
1 to 1. 5 g per day, in capsules of 200 mg.
Fluid extract (1:
1) 20 to 30 drops, one to three times
a
day.
Tincture (1:
10) 30 drops three times daily.
Juice of fresh plant:
2 - 7, 5 ml, one to three times
a
day.
Bibliography.
Benigni, R; Capra,
C
; Cattorini,
P
. Piante Medicinali. Chimica, Pharmacology and Therapy. Milano: Inverni & Della Beffa, 1962, pp. 1760 - 82.
Bézanger - Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M. Dans la Plantes Les Thérapeutiques Moderne. 2. Paris: Maloine, 1986, pp. 442.
Bézanger - Beauquesne, L; Pinkas, M; Torck, M; Trotin,
F
. Medicinal plants of temperate Regions. Paris: Maloine, 1980,
p
. 81.
Bruneton, J. Elements of Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy. Zaragoza: Acribia, 1991,
p
. 120.
D'Arcy, PF. Adverse reactions and interactions with
herbal
medicines. Part I. Adverse reactions. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev, 1991; 10 (4) 189 - 208.
D'Arcy, PF. Adverse reactions and interactions with
herbal
medicines. Part II. Drug interactions. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 1993; 12 (3) 147 - 162.
Fernandez, M; Nieto,
A
. Medicinal Plants. Pamplona: Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, 1982, pp. 185; 236.
Lastra, JJ; Bachiller, LI. Medicinal Plants in Asturias, Cantabria and the cornice. Gijón: Ediciones Trea, 1997, pp. 270 - 2.
Paris, RR; Moyse, M. Summary of Matter Médicale. Take II. Paris: Masson, 1967, pp. 108 - 10.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Vanaclocha, B. Applied
Fitoterapia
. Valencia: M. I. Official College of Pharmacists, 1995, pp. 380 - 1.
Peris, JB; Stübing, G; Figuerola, R. Guide to Medicinal Plants of Valencia. Valencia: Las Provincias, 1996,
p
. 224.
Rivera,
D
; Obon,
C
. The Guide INCAFE of useful and Poisonous Plants of the
Iberian
Peninsula and the Balearics. Madrid: INCAFE, 1991, pp. 648 - 50.
Samuelsson, G. Drugs of
Natural
Origin
.
A
Textbook of Pharmacognosy. Stockholm:
Swedish
Pharmaceutical Press, 1992,
p
. 222.
Trease, GE, Evans, WCh. Pharmacognosy.
Mexico
City: Inter - MacGraw - Hill, 1991, pp. 182; 693.
Van Hellemont, J. Compendium of Phytothérapie. Bruxelles: Association Pharmaceutique Belge, 1986, pp. 428 - 30.
Villar, L; Palacín, JM; Calvo,
C
. Gomez,
D
; Montserrat, G. Medicinal Plants of the Aragonese Pyrenees and other tierrras Huesca. 2. Huesca: Provincial, 1992,
p
. 250.
WICHTL, M.
Herbal
Drugs and Phytopharmaceutical.
A
Handbook for Practice on
a
scientific basis. Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, pp. 534 - 6.
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