FUCO
FUCUS VESICULOSUS L., F. SERRATUS L.
FUCO
FUCUS VESICULOSUS L., F. SERRATUS L.
Brown
algae; alem. Blasentang, Sägetang;
English
.
Common
seawrach, seakelp.
Talo.
F
.
vesiculosus
is an alga of thallus of greenish -
brown
fronds in the form of foil foliáceas traveled by
a
nerve center of where the aerocistos, floats globulosa maintain it vertically in the water at the apices piles reproductive organs. This species is fixed to the rocks submerged by
a
pedicle that is at the base. Is fitted, in
a
period
reproduction, conceptáculos unisexuados.
Source
.
The fucose stretch in the cold waters of the globe specifically in the area mediolitoral:
F
.
vesiculosus
focuses on the level of the tide average;
F
. serratus, took lower areas, reaching the lowest sea - water alive.
Chemical composition.
The thallus of fucose - rich polyols are mannitol, sorbitoland polysaccharides: fucoidano (SS1 polymer? Fucose Sulphated 2) laminarana (glucosana (ß - 1? 3) mucopolysaccharides "Lectin like"And, above all, Algin or alginic acid.
Alginic Acid.
It is
a
linear polymer made up of acid and acid gulurónico al - ß -
D
- manurónico with joint - type ß (1 - > 4) In its
natural
Foma is in the form of
a
salt (Na + Mg2 + Ca2 + and may constitute 40% of the
weight
of the algae. The proportion of the two acids and sequences (poly - M, poly - G, poly -
F
, G) vary depending on many factors (species,
origin
, body,
station
, etc) Industrially are prepared alginates from various Feoficeas:
Laminaria
, Ascophyllum,
Fucus
.
Fucose are described in other compounds:
acrylic acid, carotenoids (eg fucoxanthin) lipids, represented mainly by phospholipids and polar glucolípidos, sterols, halogens (
iodine
- 0. 03% - bromo) brominated derivatives of benzyl
alcohol
, phenols. These are the phenols Phloroglucinol (1, 3, 5 - trihydroxy - benzene) and its oligomers, which carry two to seven units preferably linked by bridges ether, more rarely by bridges biphenyls. The floroglucinol is also in the form of polymer [162]
Pharmacological data.
Alginic acid and
sodium
alginate forming viscous gels, adherents, which reduce the acidity and provide
a
mechanical protection of the gastric mucosa and form
a
barrier to
reflux
oesophagitis to float on the
stomach
contents. The use of
sodium
alginate leads to precipitation of alginic acid in situ and in the presence of
sodium
hydrogen carbonate,
carbon
dioxide is added to the gel off by ensuring the survivability of it.
Calcium
alginate is hemostatic, is harmless to the wounds and easily reasorbible.
Other properties
Fuco
are attributed to
iodine
. In cases of
hypothyroidism
and dose "physiological" (eg, 60 - 100 mg / day) it is accepted that
iodine
stimulates the
thyroid
dose while "pharmacological" action is reversed as with ATS (antithyroid synthetic) there is
a
blockade of the synthesis (inhibition of peroxidase) and the
release
of hormones (inhibition of thyroglobulin)
The antimicrobial and antifungal
activity
of
Fuco
has
been demonstrated in vitro.
Observations on man.
In case of gastric
disorders
has
been clinically proven the effectiveness of the preparations based on alginates, taken after meals, and confirmed by endoscopic examination. Other studiesinduce to think that the kind of alginic acid (purity, sequence. conditions the buffer and the viscosity and hence the therapeutic
activity
. For the treatment of
gastroesophageal
reflux
, the alginates may be associated with other medical substances (anti H2, boosters of the gastric evacuation) You get very good results with this treatment.
Employment.
Apparently the fucose lack of toxicity (acute toxicity test: 3g / kg, subacute toxicity test: 300 and 600 mg / kg / day, criomolturado, rat, per os) They are used in powdered form in doses of 0. 5 to 2 g / day, in case of
thyroid
deficiency
in the treatment of
obesity
and its mechanical
activity
laxative. More recently, the
herbal
uses these fucose by all its vitamins and minerals in the indication of states of fatigue and
asthenia
. Cosmetology widely used these plants (gels, creams,
massage
) and, moreover, are part of the composition of numerous hygiene products (bath, soaps, toothpaste)
The use of alginates and Algin in pharmacy is manifold: for its physiological properties (
esophageal reflux
,
hiatus hernia
,
heartburn
, constipation, small hemorrhages) for its Dietary interest: Saciantes products for the treatment of
obesity
. Its physical properties make them employed in farmacotecnia (agregantes and disgregantes) dentistry,
dental
molds, for pharmaceuticals, agro - food industry (gelling E400 - 405)
In Spain authorizing the use of the drug in states of fatigue and
asthenia
. Intervener in
weight
control diets for their content mucílagos causing
a
decreased appetite and
a
slight laxative effect.
Precautions.
Hyperthyroidism
.
The drug.
The fucose in the dry state are presented in black layers of the
cornea
which include consistency and whitish efflorescence, at intervals, small vesicles docked, hollow. Some branches of thallus end in conceptáculos elliptical. You can perform various checks: valuation of ash, total
iodine
and
iodine
attached to proteins. It should be noted that algae are capable of concentrating metalloids (arsenic) and heavy metals, stable isotopes and the radioactive: Cd, Ba, Pb, Sr, which are good indicators of contamination.
Bibliography.
M. QUILLET, V. Imhoff and G. DE LESTANG. BREMOND.
Sorbitol and sorbitol phosphate in
brown
Seaweeds.
Phytochemistry, 24, 67 - 69, 1985.
M.
T
. CRIADO and
C
. M. FERREIRO.
Selective interaction of
a
Fucus
vesiculosus
lectin. like mucopolysaccharide with several Candida species.
Ann. Microbiol. Inst. Pasteur) 134
A
, 149 - 154, 1983.
T
. J. PAINT.
Algal polysaccharide. In:
The polysaccharide, G. O. Aspinall, ed. New York, Academic Press, 2, 195 - 285, 1983.
K
. L. SMITH and J. L. Harwood.
Lipids and lipid metabolism in the
brown
algae,
Fucus
serratus.
Phytochemistry, 23, 2469 - 2473, 1984.
A
. M. ILIAS, W.
E
. CONNOR,
D
. S. LIN and M.
U
. AHMAD.
STEROL
composition of some Seaweeds.
Fette, Seif, Anstrichmit. 87, 345 - 346, 1985.
M.
A
. Ragan and W.
D
. JAMIESON.
Oligomeric polyphloroglucinols from
Fucus
vesiculosus
: photoplate mass spectrometric investigation.
Phytochemistry, 21, 2709 - 2711, 1982.
M.
A
. Ragan.
The high molecular
weight
polyphloroglucinols of the
marine
brown
algae
Fucus
vesiculosus
L. degradative analysis.
Can. J. Chem. 63, 294 - 303, 1985.
R. COLIN,
P
. DENIS.
Reflux
gastro
- oesophagien,
a
entretien avec.
Le quotidien du médecin, 3180) 42 - 50 - 1984.
P
. SIMON.
Pharmacologie, édition Marketing, Paris, 1982.
G.
P
. Rigo, M. Perini, and
A
. M. Gandolfo ANTONIOLI.
Therapy delle escofagiti da refluso. Efficacy of
a
preparatory based di alginic acid.
Min. Diet.
e Gastr
. 25, 163 - 166, 1979.
R. Sellerie, G. ORZALESI,
F
. MARI and
E
. Bertol.
Influenza
type di alginic acid sull'attivita dei farmaci usati per disturbance gastrici.
Boll. Chim. Farm. 119, 41 - 51, 1980.
A
. LIGNELL, G. M. ROOMANS and M. PEDERSEN.
Localization of cadmium absorbed in
Fucus
vesiculosus
L. by X - ray microanalysis.
Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 105, 103 - 109, 1982.
M. STOEPPLER, M. BUROW,
F
. Backhaus, W. SCHRAMM and
H
. W. NÜRNBERG.
Arsenic in Seawater and
brown
algae on the Baltic and the North Sea.
Marine
Chemistry, 18, 321 - 334, 1986.
J.
P
. CULLINAME,
T
. M. DOYLE and
P
. M. WHELAN.
Use of Seaweeds as biomonitors of
zinc
levels in Cork harbor, Ireland. In: 12th
international
symposium
Seaweed
, Sao Paulo 27 - 7 / 1 - 8 - 1986, MA Ragan and
C
. J. BIRD, eds. Dordrecht, Dr. W. Junk Publischers,
P
. 285 - 290, 1987.
Diseases
whose treatment is appropriate in this plant.
Overweight
.
Gastritis
.
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